When the antibody screening was positive, an antibody identification was performed using a commercial panel of 16 reagent cells (panocell-16; Immucor) of selected phenotypes using the same method

When the antibody screening was positive, an antibody identification was performed using a commercial panel of 16 reagent cells (panocell-16; Immucor) of selected phenotypes using the same method. == Summary == The data demonstrated a low alloimmunization frequency in Chilean transfused GDC-0834 patients, principally associated with antibodies anti-E, anti-K, anti-D, and anti-Fya. Keywords: Alloimmunization, Unexpected antibodies, Red blood cell transfusion == Intro == Alloimmunization is an adverse consequence of exposition to red blood cell (RBC) antigens through transfusion, pregnancy, or transplantation. Red cell antibodies can provoke hemolytic transfusion reactions (HTR) the severity of which can vary from mild, with reduced efficacy of transfusion therapy, to extremely severe causing rapid death of the transfusion recipient [1]. The development of alloantibodies can significantly complicate transfusion therapy and results in difficulties in the cross-matching of blood. The origin of alloantibodies is explained by genetic differences between blood donors and recipients, dose and route of administration, and the immunogenicity of the antigen [2]. RBC alloimmunization has been associated to female sex, diabetes mellitus, and solid malignancy. The alloimmunization risk increased with the number of RBCs transfused [3]. The reported frequency of alloimmunization is contradictory and depends on several factors [4, 5]. In Chile, alloimmunization frequency is not yet established; for this reason, the aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and specificities of RBC alloantibodies in transfused Chilean patients with diverse diseases. == Material and Methods == A case-control study was designed. The individuals were selected from a retrospective examination of 4, 716 unrelated Chilean patients included in the electronic laboratory information system. The patients had been admitted to the Hernn Henrquez Aravena Hospital in the city GDC-0834 of Temuco, Chile, between January 2007 and July 2010. Patients who developed an unexpected antibody after receiving an RBC transfusion were included in the case group, from which the next information was collected: sex, age, diagnosis, number of models of transfused blood, number of transfusion episodes, and alloantibody specificity. In addition , a control group intended for alloimmunization was selected according to criteria previously described [6]. Briefly, we randomly selected patients with RBC transfusions who fulfilled the same criteria as case patients except for the fact that they did not develop an alloantibody. From these patients, EDTA-anticoagulated blood samples were collected by standardized venipuncture. When the patients required a transfusion, cross-matching was performed. In addition , plasma samples were screened intended for the presence of RBC alloantibodies GDC-0834 using a two-cell panel of reagents group O RBCs (Immucor. Norcross, GA, USA). Intended for the indirect antiglobulin test (IAT), we employed a LISS-enhanced gel centrifugation technique (Bio-Type AGH; A&B Commercial, Santiago, Chile) that includes a polyspecific anti-human globulin (rabbit anti-IgG and monoclonal anti-C3d). When the antibody screening was positive, an antibody identification was performed using a commercial panel of 16 reagent cells (panocell-16; Immucor) of selected phenotypes using the same method. Patients received ABO/D compatible and non-leukocyte-depleted packed GDC-0834 RBC transfusions. == Statistical Analysis == Statistical analysis was carried out using Mouse monoclonal to IFN-gamma the Sigma Stat Software, Ver. 2 . 0 (Jandel Sci., San Rafael, CA, USA). Differences between the means of continuous variables were evaluated by Student’s t-test. Categorical variables were analyzed using the chi-square test. The level of statistical significance was = 0. 05. == Results == 4, 716 transfusion recipients were analyzed intended for alloantibodies from January 2007 to July GDC-0834 2010, and 48 cases of alloimmunization (1. 02%) were recognized. Table1shows the transfusion characteristics of both groups studied. In this study no associations between variables like sex, age, number of units transfused, and transfusion episodes were found. == Table 1 . == Characteristics of transfused alloimmunized Chilean patients and controls p values from chi-square test. NS = No significant differences. Alloimmunization was.