The majority of patients with monoinfections were positive for SARS-CoV-2 IgM with (73

The majority of patients with monoinfections were positive for SARS-CoV-2 IgM with (73.40%), followed by DENV 18.09% and CHIKV (8.51%). DENV and CHIKV. Also, serological detection of IgM antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 was performed. Results 464 individuals were included during the study period, of which (40.51%) were positive for one pathogen, at the same time (6.90%) presented co-infections between 2 or more pathogens. The majority of individuals with monoinfections were positive for SARS-CoV-2 IgM with (73.40%), followed by DENV 18.09% and CHIKV (8.51%). The most frequent co-infection was DENV + SARS-CoV-2 with (65.63%), followed by DENV + CHIKV and DENV + CHIKV + SARS-CoV-2, both with (12.50%). The presence of polyarthralgias in hands (43.75%, p Eicosadienoic acid 0.01) and ft (31.25%, p = 0.05) were more frequently reported in individuals with CHIKV monoinfection. Also, conjunctivitis was more common in individuals positive for SARS-CoV-2 IgM (11.45%, p 0.01). The rest of the symptoms were related among all the study organizations. Summary SARS-CoV-2 IgM antibodies were frequently recognized in acute sera from febrile individuals with a medical suspicion of arboviral disease. The presence of polyarthralgias in hands and ft may be suggestive of CHIKV illness. These results reaffirm the need Eicosadienoic acid to consider SARS-CoV-2 illness as a main differential analysis of acute febrile illness in arboviruses endemic areas, as well as to consider co-infections between these pathogens. Introduction In December 2019, several instances of pneumonia of unknown etiology Eicosadienoic acid emerged in Wuhan, China. The causative agent was identified as SARS-CoV-2 (Severe acute respiratory syndrome Coronavirus 2) [1]. The disease caused by this disease spread rapidly throughout the world and was declared a Eicosadienoic acid pandemic from the World Health Corporation on March 11, 2020 [2]. Countries located in tropical and subtropical areas were seriously affected by the pandemic, while dealing with the burden of additional infectious diseases, such as arboviruses including dengue disease (DENV), chikungunya disease (CHIKV), zika disease (ZIKV), among others [3]. The quick expansion of the novel COVID-19 disease offers raised serious general public health concerns due to the possibility of misdiagnosis and overlapping diseases in areas where arboviral diseases are endemic [4], given that COVID-19 share common medical manifestation [5]. For example, concerns of a concurrent outbreak of arboviruses and COVID-19 raised in Brazil, due to the quick upsurge in instances of both diseases [6]. Moreover, the Pan American Health Corporation (PAHO) published an epidemiological upgrade on arboviruses in Latin America, which stated the pandemic has put much strain on the health systems of this region and decreased their capacity to deal with arboviral diseases [7, 8]. Several reasons have made it difficult to distinguish between COVID-19 and arboviral diseases, as both can be included in the differential analysis of undifferentiated acute febrile illness (AFI) [5]. Firstly, both share overlapping characteristics during the early Eicosadienoic acid course of the disease such as nonspecific symptoms including fever, headaches, malaise, myalgias and fatigue [4, 6, 9]. The respiratory signs and symptoms may be absent in early COVID-19 and appear later in the course of the disease [9]. Moreover, earlier studies in Singapore and Brazil indicate that some instances classified as DENV or CHIKV at initial admission to healthcare centers were later on found positive for SARS-CoV-2 [4, 9]. Furthermore, there have been case reports of false-positive dengue results with quick diagnostic checks in instances of confirmed SARS-CoV-2 illness Rabbit Polyclonal to SH2D2A [10] and mix reactivity between DENV and SARS-CoV-2 has been reported, given that both pathogens may share common antigenic sites [11]. Finally, a analysis of COVID-19 or arboviral disease does not exclude the additional and co-infections have also been reported [9]. Altogether, these findings make the analysis difficult for physicians working in areas where arboviral diseases are endemic. Creating a correct analysis is essential for patient care and illness control, as unsuspected COVID-19 instances showing as AFI may be handled outside of isolation.