Two calves were sold as realizers: they were sold before optimum market time, with conditions that permitted processing and passage of inspection (antemortem and postprocessing)

Two calves were sold as realizers: they were sold before optimum market time, with conditions that permitted processing and passage of inspection (antemortem and postprocessing). to the treatment variable herd. Correlations of performance parameters with serologic data were calculated on both a herd and an animal basis, using PROC CORR. The relationship of individual-animal health, as judged with a binary response (i.e., sick vs not sick), to antibody titers was analyzed by logistic regression, with PROC Azimilide LOGISTIC. Finally, the relationship of the performance parameters to the number of treatments (0, 1, 2, or more than 2) was investigated by ANOVA, with PROC MIXED. Results Vaccination history The vaccination histories indicated a variety of viral and bacterial immunogens (Table II). The vaccines and the immunogen components are listed in Table III. Of the 24 herds, 10 received killed-virus vaccines (including chemically altered MLV vaccines against IBRV and PI3V), 9 received MLV vaccines, and 5 received a combination of killed and MLV Myh11 vaccines. The viral vaccines all contained IBRV, BVDV1a, PI3V, and BRSV. Seven herds received vaccines made up of BVDV2 in addition to BVDV1a. Ten herds received and, or, vaccines. Table II. Open in a separate window Table III. Open in a separate window Morbidity and mortality Of the 417 calves, 114 (27.3%) were treated and 4 (0.96%) died (Table IV); 3 calves died with signs of respiratory disease and lesions of pneumonia, and the 4th was diagnosed clinically with enterotoxemia. Two calves were sold as realizers: they were sold before optimum market time, with conditions that permitted processing and passage of inspection (antemortem and postprocessing). Herds 1, 2, and 12 had a significantly lower morbidity rate ( 0.05) than herds 3, 13, and 17. Herds 7, 11, 18, and 24 had a significantly lower morbidity rate ( 0.05) than herd 13. Table IV. Open in a separate window Bacterial and viral isolation At entry into the ROP, 115 (27.6%) of the 417 calves had isolated from the nasal swabs: 71 (17.0%) had and was isolated from the lungs of 1 1 of the 3 animals that died of pneumonia, a severe, chronic, suppurative bronchopneumonia. Nasal swabs were collected from 107 of the 114 sick Azimilide animals for bacterial and viral isolation; 22 (20.6%) were culture positive, 17 with = 0.0702). There were, however, numerous significant relationships between health status at entry and performance parameters for both individual animals and herds (Table VI). Table VI. Open in a separate window The net value to the owner (carcass Azimilide value C total costs in feedlot) on a herd basis was $365 to $677 per calf (Table VII). Profitability was lowered with treatment. Compared with the calves that were not treated, the calves receiving 1 treatment returned $40.64 less, those receiving 2 treatments returned $58.35 less, and those receiving 3 or more treatments returned $291.93 less ( 0.05). There were 10 carcass grades: primary ?, choice +, choice, choice ?, select +, select, select ?, standard +, standard, and standard ?. Calves treated 2 or more times had lower carcass grades than those not treated or treated only once ( 0.05). The total treatment costs per animal for each herd ranged from zero (in herd 2) to $21.70 (in herd 3) and differed significantly among the herds (Table VIII). Table VII. Open in a separate window Table VIII. Open in a separate window The levels of antibody to BVDV1a and BVDV2 predicted illness severity in terms of the number of treatments per sick calf: with BVDV1a, the calves not treated had a mean titer Azimilide of 78.5, and those treated once had a mean titer of 74.2; in contrast, those treated twice or more had a mean titer of 22.4, significantly lower than the other 2 means ( 0.05). Likewise, BVDV2 antibody levels approached significance as predictors of illness severity: calves not treated had a mean titer of 16.6,.